What is and how to choose a Hydraulic pump

A hydrostatic transmission pump, commonly called a hydraulic pump, is a positive displacement machine and its mission is to transform mechanical energy into hydraulic, based on the Pascal Principle. This Principle is based on the fact that, when exerting a pressure or push on a fluid like oil (which is considered incompressible), it is transmitted equally in all directions.

Taking advantage of this principle, hydraulic actuators, depending on the pressure and displacement surface (eg surface of a piston), will transmit the force necessary to move the application.

Turning the pump drive shaft causes the internal components responsible for the suction and delivery of the oil to be moved, by varying the volume at each turn, called displacement, with a minimum loss and regardless of the pressure of the system.

 

Put more simply, the pump delivers an oil flow to the system and through a distributor with pressure limiting, the direction, the effort and the speed with which the actuator of the application is moved, which is usually a cylinder (tipper, crane) or a hydraulic motor (winch, winch, wheel, head or other).

They are usually found in mobile applications such as industrial vehicles, civil works or maintenance, as well as industrial applications such as elevators, presses, machine tools and process machinery.

The assembly and actuation of the pump is direct through a power take-off coupled to the vehicle’s gearbox, although an indirect hydrostatic transmission can also be mounted, or by coupling and electric motor (AC / DC) or combustion.

The most frequent types of pumps are manufactured Bezares, s.a. (Spain), such as piston pumps, pallets and gears, being one of the few factories in the world that produces the 3 types and also manufactures power sockets and distributors. 

Hydraulic Pump Selection
In order to properly dimension the application in the project, as well as to avoid damage to the equipment, its necessary to find out three fundamental data:


Displacement of the pump: Knowing the displacement will let you know the size of pump needed.
 
D = Q x 1000 / n       
D = Displacement (c.c.)
Q = Flow required by application (l / min)
n = RPM output (rpm motor x PTO internal ratio)
Example: if we have a tap that rotates at 1000rpm and we need the flow rate to be 60l / min, we would need a 60c.c.
On the contrary, if we have a pump of 60c.c. and an electric motor rotating at 1,500rpm, the pump would provide a theoretical flow rate of 90l / min.
·
Required power in the power take-off or in the motor for the application:

 
 
N = Q x p / 450 x
N = Power (HP)
Q = Flow required by the application (L / min)
p = Pressure (bar)
η= yield (eg If it is 95%, the value will be
Example: if we need about 60l / min and the application requests a pressure of 250bar, the power we would consume would be about 35 c.v. with a 95% performance piston pump.
In the case of electric motor mounting, the operating time must be kept in mind.
In turn, if we have a motor of 35 cv, we can clear the value of the pressure, to know the maximum value of work in bar.
·
Required torque in the PTO for the application:

T = p x D / 63 x   
D = Displacement (c.c.)
Q = Flow required by the application (L / min)
n = Revolutions at the inlet of the PTO
Example: if we have a pump of 60c.c. and the application requests a pressure of 250bar, the torque to be transmitted to the shaft would be 250Nm with a gear pump with a 95% efficiency.

Finally, recall the Pascal Principle of Pressure:

 

  , or of more practical application:    
 
 

And if we know the working pressure and the useful surface of the actuator:

F (kgf) = p (bar) X A (cm²)
 
If we follow the example of the figure with its units in mm, the piston pump 1 of 1,5cm in diameter has A≈ 1,8. Applying a pressure of 100bar (100kg /), we would obtain F1≈180kg, then the piston 2 of 5cm in diameter and 19.6 would exercise an F2 ≈ 1960 kg, which means about 19,200 N of thrust, capable of raising a vehicle.

Units Conversion: 1 bar ≈ 14 psi, 1l = 1000c.c. and 1 GAL ≈ 3,78l
 
Once these data are calculated, they are compared to the maximum values ​​of the power take-off or the motor to which the pump is coupled. If the calculated data exceeds that of the drive, a smaller pump or a power take-off or the higher-performance electric motor must be fitted.
It is very important to keep in mind that the required oil volume should be approximately 3 times the required flow rate and control the variables such as the operating time and the oil temperature.
Types of Bezares’ Hydraulic Pumps 
Bezares has a wide range of hydraulic pumps to adapt to the requirements of each application, both in the field of mobile hydraulics and industrial hydraulics.
 
 
 
Gear Pumps

 

   BEA / BEAU / BEASF – Flow rates: 11 and 17 cc / rev. P1 = 250 bar
Bidirectional, aluminum body, low noise, with internal drainag
Types of assembly: ISO / UNI / SAE A.Types of assembly: ISO / UNI / SAE A.


   BEM / BEU / BEMRA – Flow rates: 23 ÷ 46 cc / rev. P1 200 ÷ 250 bar
Bidirectional, cast steel body, with internal drainage
Types of assembly: ISO / UNI / SAE B.
Side and rear ports with BSP, SAE or NPT threads
 
   BEL / BELS / BELRA / BELRB – Flow rates: 50 ÷ 115 cc / rev. P1 200 ÷ 290 bar
Flow rates: 50 ÷ 115 cc / rev. P1 200 ÷ 290 bar
Mounting types: ISO / SAE B / SAE BB.Side and rear ports with BSP, SAE or NPT threadsREINFORCED BELS VERSION WITH DOUBLE SHAFT SUPPORT BEARING.
 
   BEXL / BEXLNS / BEXLRB – Flow rates: 85 ÷ 150 cc / rev. P1 210 ÷ 250 barBidirectional, cast steel body, with internal drainageMounting types: ISO / SAE BB.Side and rear ports with BSP or SAE threadsLIGHT BEXLNS VERSION, WITHOUT BEARING SUPPORT BEARING.
 
 

Piston Pumps




 
   BZ / BZT – Flow rates: 12 ÷ 101 cc / rev. P1 230 ÷ 300 barBidirectional. Type of construction: pistons in lineTypes of assembly: ISOPorts with BSP threadsDOUBLE FLOW BZT VERSION FOR TWO INDEPENDENT CIRCUITS.
 
   FR / FRB / FRBB –  Flow rates: 20 ÷ 110 cc / rev. P1 = 350 barUnidirectional. Type of construction: bent-axis pistonsMounting types: ISO / SAE B / SAE BBPorts with BSP or SAE threads
 
   MR / MRAE –  Flow rates: 20 ÷ 110 cc / rev. P1 = 350 barUnidirectional. Type of construction: bent-axis pistonsMounting types: ISO / SAE B / SAE BBPorts with BSP or SAE threads
 
   F1 – Flow rates: 25 ÷ 101 cc / rev. P1 = 350 barUnidirectional. Type of construction: bent-axis pistonsTypes of assembly: ISOPorts with BSP threads
 
   T1 – Flow rates: 25 ÷ 101 cc / rev. P1 = 350 barUnidirectional. Type of construction: bent-axis pistonsTypes of assembly: ISOPorts with BSP threads
 
   F2 – Double flow rate: 42/42 ÷ 70/70 cc / rev. P1 300 ÷ 350 barUnidirectional. Type of construction: bent-axis pistonsTypes of assembly: ISOPorts with BSP threads

 

Variable flow pumps

 
   FRV – Flow rate: 84 cc / rev. P1 350 barUnidirectional. Load sensing system (*)Types of assembly: ISOPorts with BSP threads


   VP1 – Flow rates: 45 ÷ 130 cc / rev. P1 350 ÷ 400 barUnidirectional. Load sensing system (*)Types of assembly: ISOPorts with BSP threads


(*) The load sensing system accurately provides the required flow rate at every moment, drastically reducing energy consumption and generating heat, resulting in smoother and quieter system operation. All of this results in a reduced environmental impact.
 
 
Vane Pumps

 


Vane pumps are unidirectional units with great versatility and quiet operation, with easily replaceable cartridges. The configuration of the output ports can be customized according to the needs of the customer. Wide variety of flow and axes. The most used are:
 
   Mobile hydraulics

VQ – 
Flow rates: 8 ÷ 240 cc / rev. P1 125 ÷ 175 barALSO DOUBLE FLOW VERSIONS AND PASSING AXLE VERSIONS FOR DOUBLE OR TRIPLE PUMPS.

DT6GC – 
Flow rates: 11 ÷ 100 cc / rev. P1 240 barDOUBLE FLOW VERSIONS: DT6GCC
 
   Industrial hydraulics

VS – 
low rates: 8 ÷ 240 cc / rev. P1 125 ÷ 175 barALSO DOUBLE FLOW VERSIONS AND PASSING AXLE VERSIONS FOR DOUBLE OR TRIPLE PUMPS.

DT6C – 
Flow rates: 11 ÷ 100 cc / rev. P1 160 ÷ 240 barDOUBLE FLOW VERSIONS: DT6CC

DT6D – 
 Flow rates: 48 ÷ 190 cc / rev. P1 80 ÷ 210 barDOUBLE FLOW VERSIONS: DT6DCTRIPLE FLOW VERSION: DT6DCC

DT6E – 
Flow rates: 132 ÷ 270 cc / rev. P1 75 ÷ 210 barDOUBLE FLOW VERSIONS: DT6EC AND DT6EDTRIPLE FLOW VERSION: DT6EDC


For additional information, please contact our Commercial department
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